macOS的神坑之 Xcode
说起xcode我就恨的牙痒痒简单描述一下作者从入坑到伤痕累累地爬出坑洞的惨痛经历，不想听废话的同学可以直接跳过哈。
新买的macbook到了，一阵子常规操作之后，开始安装django项目的环境，结果你们应该猜到了，自然是没那么顺利的。
首先出场的是我们的xcrun
报错信息：
Сannot Run Git xcrun: error: invalid active developer path (/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools), missing xcrun at: /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/xcrun
这个问题其实很好解决，安装 xcode 即可，但是安装xcode确是个坑。
命令安装
xcode-select --install
弹出安装程序，无脑下一步即可
如果这个时候安装弹出提示 不能安装该软件 因为当前无法从软件更新服务器获得先别慌，这个问题网上也能找得到解决办法
我复制了一段网上的解决方法：
只需要去这个地址：https://developer.apple.com/download/more/
中间还需要你登陆一下在左边的搜索框中搜索Command Line Tools 然后回车将其中适合你电脑版本的那个下载下来安装好即可。
看到这里其实没啥，但是让人抓狂的是，什么叫适合你电脑的版本？？？？？
小编去找的时候，有macbook 10.12 的，10.13的，还有10.14的，但就是没有10.15的
很懵逼，既然如此那就下一个最新的吧。
二话不说就下了这个版本，然后正常安装。
直到安装 pip install mysqlclient 的时候出问题了。
来一段报错信息：
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/python3 -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize;sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/hm/4bnrwcbn2zb6fd1v1p25x54h0000gn/T/pip-install-jagh69zx/mysqlclient/setup.py'"'"';__file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/hm/4bnrwcbn2zb6fd1v1p25x54h0000gn/T/pip-install-jagh69zx/mysqlclient/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();
exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' egg_info --egg-base pip-egg-infocwd:
/private/var/folders/hm/4bnrwcbn2zb6fd1v1p25x54h0000gn/T/pip-install-jagh69zx/mysqlclient/Complete
output (12 lines):
/bin/sh: mysql_config: command not found
/bin/sh: mariadb_config: command not found
/bin/sh: mysql_config: command not found
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "/private/var/folders/hm/4bnrwcbn2zb6fd1v1p25x54h0000gn/T/pip-install-jagh69zx/mysqlclient/setup.py",
line 15, in <module>metadata, options = get_config()
File "/private/var/folders/hm/4bnrwcbn2zb6fd1v1p25x54h0000gn/T/pip-install-jagh69zx/mysqlclient/setup_posix.py",
line 65, in get_configlibs = mysql_config("libs")
File "/private/var/folders/hm/4bnrwcbn2zb6fd1v1p25x54h0000gn/T/pip-install-jagh69zx/mysqlclient/setup_posix.py",line 31, in mysql_configraise OSError("{} not found".format(_mysql_config_path))OSError:
mysql_config not found
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
python setup.py egg_info Check the logs for full command output.
这个问题也尝试了很多方法，好像没什么效果。
其实这个问题也还好，就是找不到mysql_config这个东西。
找到mysql的安装位置
进入mysql执行下面的命令即可找到。
show variables like "%char%";
mysql_config 就在 /usr/local/Cellar/mysql@5.7/5.7.32/bin/mysql_config 里建个软连接 ln -s /usr/local/Cellar/mysql@5.7/5.7.32/bin/mysql_config /usr/local/bin/mysql_config
软链接放在 /usr/local/bin 里面，因为/usr/bin是只读的，如果没有关掉系统完整性保护的话，是没有办法把软链接放到里面去的。
再次执行
pip install mysqlclient
然后最蛋疼的问题来了，先感受一下
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command:
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize;
sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/hm/4bnrwcbn2zb6fd1v1p25x54h0000gn/T/pip-install-52hgcxrx/mysqlclient/setup.py'"'"';
__file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/hm/4bnrwcbn2zb6fd1v1p25x54h0000gn/T/pip-install-52hgcxrx/mysqlclient/setup.py'"'"';
f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);
code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');
f.close();
exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d /private/var/folders/hm/4bnrwcbn2zb6fd1v1p25x54h0000gn/T/pip-wheel-d5wzanak --python-tag cp38cwd: /private/var/folders/hm/4bnrwcbn2zb6fd1v1p25x54h0000gn/T/pip-install-52hgcxrx/mysqlclient/Complete output
(113 lines):running bdist_wheelrunning buildrunning build_pycreating buildcreating build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8creating build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdbcopying MySQLdb/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdbcopying MySQLdb/_exceptions.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdbcopying MySQLdb/connections.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdbcopying MySQLdb/converters.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdbcopying MySQLdb/cursors.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdbcopying MySQLdb/release.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdbcopying MySQLdb/times.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdbcreating build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb/constantscopying MySQLdb/constants/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb/constantscopying MySQLdb/constants/CLIENT.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb/constantscopying MySQLdb/constants/CR.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb/constantscopying MySQLdb/constants/ER.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb/constantscopying MySQLdb/constants/FIELD_TYPE.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb/constantscopying MySQLdb/constants/FLAG.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb/constantsrunning build_extbuilding 'MySQLdb._mysql' extensioncreating build/temp.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8creating build/temp.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdbclang -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -iwithsysroot/System/Library/Frameworks/System.framework/PrivateHeaders -iwithsysroot/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.8/Headers -arch arm64 -arch x86_64 -Dversion_info=(2,0,1,'final',0) -D__version__=2.0.1 -I/usr/local/Cellar/mysql@5.7/5.7.32/include/mysql -I/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.8/include/python3.8 -c MySQLdb/_mysql.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb/_mysql.oIn file included from MySQLdb/_mysql.
c:29:In file included from /usr/local/Cellar/mysql@5.7/5.7.32/include/mysql/mysql.
h:47:In file included from /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/sys/types.
h:75:/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/sys/cdefs.
h:807:2: error: Unsupported architecture#error Unsupported architecture^In file included from MySQLdb/_mysql.c:29:In file included from /usr/local/Cellar/mysql@5.7/5.7.32/include/mysql/mysql.
h:47:In file included from /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/sys/types.
h:78:/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/machine/types.
h:37:2: error: architecture not supported#error architecture not supported^In file included from MySQLdb/_mysql.c:29:In file included from /usr/local/Cellar/mysql@5.7/5.7.32/include/mysql/mysql.
h:47:In file included from /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/sys/types.
h:79:In file included from /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.
h:33:/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/machine/_types.
h:34:2: error: architecture not supported#error architecture not supported^In file included from MySQLdb/_mysql.c:29:In file included from /usr/local/Cellar/mysql@5.7/5.7.32/include/mysql/mysql.
h:47:In file included from /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/sys/types.
h:79:/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.
h:55:9: error: unknown type name '__int64_t'typedef __int64_t __darwin_blkcnt_t; /* total blocks */^/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.
h:56:9: error: unknown type name '__int32_t'; did you mean '__int128_t'?typedef __int32_t __darwin_blksize_t; /* preferred block size */^note: '__int128_t' declared here/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.
h:57:9: error: unknown type name '__int32_t'; did you mean '__int128_t'?typedef __int32_t __darwin_dev_t; /* dev_t */^note: '__int128_t' declared here/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.
h:60:9: error: unknown type name '__uint32_t'; did you mean '__uint128_t'?typedef __uint32_t __darwin_gid_t; /* [???] process and group IDs */^note: '__uint128_t' declared here/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.
h:61:9: error: unknown type name '__uint32_t'; did you mean '__uint128_t'?typedef __uint32_t __darwin_id_t; /* [XSI] pid_t, uid_t, or gid_t*/^note: '__uint128_t' declared here/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.
h:62:9: error: unknown type name '__uint64_t'typedef __uint64_t __darwin_ino64_t; /* [???] Used for 64 bit inodes */^/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.
h:68:9: error: unknown type name '__darwin_natural_t'typedef __darwin_natural_t __darwin_mach_port_name_t; /* Used by mach */^/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.
h:70:9: error: unknown type name '__uint16_t'; did you mean '__uint128_t'?typedef __uint16_t __darwin_mode_t; /* [???] Some file attributes */^note: '__uint128_t' declared here/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.
h:71:9: error: unknown type name '__int64_t'typedef __int64_t __darwin_off_t; /* [???] Used for file sizes */^/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.
h:72:9: error: unknown type name '__int32_t'; did you mean '__int128_t'?typedef __int32_t __darwin_pid_t; /* [???] process and group IDs */^note: '__int128_t' declared here/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.
h:73:9: error: unknown type name '__uint32_t'; did you mean '__uint128_t'?typedef __uint32_t __darwin_sigset_t; /* [???] signal set */^note: '__uint128_t' declared here/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.
h:74:9: error: unknown type name '__int32_t'; did you mean '__int128_t'?typedef __int32_t __darwin_suseconds_t; /* [???] microseconds */^note: '__int128_t' declared here/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.
h:75:9: error: unknown type name '__uint32_t'; did you mean '__uint128_t'?typedef __uint32_t __darwin_uid_t; /* [???] user IDs */^note: '__uint128_t' declared here/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.
h:76:9: error: unknown type name '__uint32_t'; did you mean '__uint128_t'?typedef __uint32_t __darwin_useconds_t; /* [???] microseconds */^note: '__uint128_t' declared hereIn file included from MySQLdb/_mysql.c:29:In file included from /usr/local/Cellar/mysql@5.7/5.7.32/include/mysql/mysql.
h:47:In file included from /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/sys/types.
h:81:/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/machine/endian.
h:37:2: error: architecture not supported#error architecture not supported^In file included from MySQLdb/_mysql.c:29:In file included from
/usr/local/Cellar/mysql@5.7/5.7.32/include/mysql/mysql.
h:47:/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/sys/types.
h:95:9: error: unknown type name 'u_int64_t'typedef u_int64_t u_quad_t; /* quads */^fatal error: too many errors emitted, stopping now [-ferror-limit=]20 errors generated.
error: command 'clang' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Failed building wheel for mysqlclient
这个问题小编百度了好久，没能找出个所以然。
在小编差点想降级到10.14的最后一次尝试
有了点眉目
这个问题应该是版本的问题导致的，至于为啥小编就不懂了。
也是时候说说小编的解决办法了
其实很简单，换一个xcode版本
如果已经安装了xcode 那就就删掉吧
删除命令：
rm -rf /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/
然后再次打开 https://developer.apple.com/download/more/ 搜索 xcode 11.3.1
下载第二个 Command Line Tools for Xcode 11.3.1
安装过程就是无脑下一步
11.3.1 这个版本会自动安装上python 3.7而最新版，会安装上python3.8
最后，没错，已经是到最后了
执行
pip install mysqlclient
你会很神奇的发现，你已经神功大成了。
也许是自己坑自己吧，搞了好久，竟然是因为xcode版本下载错了。
结论：这句 “适合自己系统的版本”，是个坑！
个人解决方法，记录一下